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Balzac, de, Honoré --- Zola, Emile --- Stendhal --- French fiction --- -Historical fiction, French --- -French historical fiction --- French literature --- History and criticism --- Balzac, Honore de --- -Knowledge --- -History --- Historical fiction, French --- Realism in literature. --- History and criticism. --- -History and criticism --- Realism in literature --- Neorealism (Literature) --- Magic realism (Literature) --- Mimesis in literature --- Balzac, Honoré de, --- Stendhal, --- Zola, Emile, --- Cholla, --- Emilisōlā, --- Jolla, --- Sōlā, Emili, --- Tso-la, --- Tso, La, --- Zola, --- Zola, Emil, --- Zola, Émile Édouard Charles Antoine, --- Zola, Emilio, --- Zolah, Emil, --- Zoli︠a︡, Ėmilʹ, --- Zuo, La, --- Zuola, --- Золя, Эмиль, --- זאלא, עמיל --- זאלא, עמיל, --- זאליא, ע. --- זאליא, עמיל --- זולא, אמיל, --- זולא, עמיל --- זולה, אמיל --- זולה, אמיל, --- Brulard, Henry, --- Beyle, Henri, --- Stendalʹ, --- Beĭlʹ, Anri, --- Beĭlʹ, Mari-Anri, --- Beyle, Marie Henri, --- Bombet, L. A. C., --- Sŭtʻangdal, --- Ssu-tʻang-ta, --- Sutandāru, --- Beyle, Arrigo, --- Стендаль, --- סטנדאל --- סטנדל --- סטנדל, --- スタンダール, --- Stendalis, --- Beyle de Stendahl, Henri, --- Stendahl, Henri de, --- Stendahl, M. de, --- Beyle, Enrico, --- Bayle, Enrico Maria, --- Bombet, Louis-Alexandre-André-César, --- Stendals, --- Stantal, --- Knowledge --- History. --- France --- History --- Literature and the revolution. --- de Balzac, Honoré --- de Balzac, H. --- Balzac, Honoré de --- Istāndāl, --- استاندال --- M. B. A. A. --- Beyle, Marie-Henri --- Ba'erzhake, --- Balzac, H. de --- Balzac, Honorato, --- Balzak, --- Balʹzak, Onore, --- Balzaḳ, Onoreh deh, --- Balzāk, Ūnūrīh dī, --- Banzăc, Hônôrê đơ, --- Baruzakku, --- de Balzac, Honorato, --- Jeune célibataire, --- Pa-erh-cha-kʻo, --- Бальзак, Оноре де, --- באלזאק, אנארע דע, --- באלזאק, אונורה דה, --- באלזאק, האָנאָרע דע, --- בלזק, אונורה דה, --- בלזק, הונורה דה-, --- דע־באלזאק, האָנאָרע, --- بالزاك، انوره دو --- バルザック, --- 巴爾札克, --- 巴爾扎克, --- R'Hoone, --- Saint-Aubin, Horace de, --- Cloteaux, Aurore --- スタンダール

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Historical fiction, French --- History and criticism. --- Hugo, Victor, --- France --- History --- Literature and the revolution. --- History and criticism --- Literature and the revolution --- Historical fiction, French - History and criticism --- Hugo, Victor, - 1802-1885 - Quatrevingt-treize --- France - History - Revolution, 1789-1799 - Literature and the revolution

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Sandy Petrey here looks at the emergence of nineteenth-century French realism in the light of the concept of speech acts as defined by J. L. Austin and as exemplified by the history of the French Revolution. Through analysis of the techniques of representation in works by Balzac, Stendhal, and Zola, Petrey suggests that the expression of a truth depends on the same collective forces necessary to change a regime.According to Petrey, political legitimacy in the Revolution, the Empire, and the Restoration was established by means of a series of demonstrations that what words say cannot be interpreted without reference to the community to which they speak. Petrey first discusses the creation of France's National Assembly in 1789 as a foundational example of how speech acts can bring about historical transformation. He then challenges the most powerful twentieth-century assault on realist aesthetics, Roland Barthes's S/Z, and also considers the views of such contemporary critics as Jacques Derrida, Barbara Johnson, and Stanley Fish. During the Revolution, Petrey says, statements of truth were not descriptions of what was, but rather exhortations to produce what was not. Nineteenth-century French fiction represents in literary form a similar collectively authorized linguistic performance; the "real" in realism comes from representing facts not as they are in themselves but as they are produced and rejected in society. In the course of illuminating readings of three central realist works-Balzac's Pere Goriot, Stendhal's The Red and the Black, and Zola's Germinal-Petrey takes the position that the dilemmas of representation, far from being one of realism's blind spots, figure among its major narrative subjects.

Realism in literature. --- Historical fiction, French --- French fiction --- History and criticism. --- Zola, Émile, --- Stendhal, --- Balzac, Honore de, --- Knowledge --- History. --- France. --- France --- History --- Literatures.

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